Title: Research on the Security Issues of Enterprise Data Export in China from the Perspective of Foreign-related Rule of Law

Authors: Feng Chunyang, Shao Xin’ge

Abstract: Global data is currently experiencing exponential growth, with its immense productive potential becoming a vital force driving innovation and reshaping public life. For China, advancing high-standard opening-up and stimulating innovation in the digital economy remain key priorities. However, as cross-border data flows have become increasingly frequent, issues of data sovereignty and security have grown more prominent, with international competition gradually extending into this domain. From the perspective of foreign-related rule of law and against the background of great power strategic competition, this study conducts an in-depth examination of the types and sources of security risks in China’s enterprise data export. It argues that legal instruments represent the most effective means for data sovereignty competition among great powers. This article analyzes the conflicts of foreign-related rule of law during data export processes and proposes targeted countermeasures from four areas: improving the domestic legal and regulatory system, strengthening diversified international legal cooperation, enhancing corporate compliance capabilities, and advancing pilot innovations in “digital free trade zones”. By employing interdisciplinary research methods, this study enriches the theoretical framework of data security and elevates the level of data governance in China.

Keywords: Foreign-related Rule of Law, Cross-border Data Flows, A Holistic Approach to National Security, Great Power Strategic Competition